5-(4-安替吡啉偶氮)水杨醛的合成与分光光度法测定铌

介绍一个综合设计化学实验：5-（4-安替吡啉偶氮）水杨醛的合成与分光光度法测定铌（Ⅴ）及其教学方案的设计思路。实验以自制的5-（4-安替吡啉偶氮）水杨醛为显色剂与铌（Ⅴ）离子进行显色反应,重点探讨表面活性剂对5-（4-安替吡啉偶氮）水杨醛与铌（Ⅴ）离子显色反应的增敏性能的影响。通过此综合设计化学实验,加深学生对有机合成和分析化学某些知识点的理解与运用,提高学生实践能力和综合创新能力,以推进实用型人才的培养。     

微波促进Wittig-Michael串级反应立体专一性合成ω-氨基-β-D-呋喃核糖酸衍生物

以D-核糖为原料, 在微波促进下, 利用2,3-O-异丙叉基-D-核糖2与叶立德3(Ph₃PCHCOOEt) 的Wittig反应和Michael加成, 立体专一性地合成了β-D-呋喃核糖酸酯类化合物, 再经叠氮化及还原反应, 得到ω-氨基-β-D-呋喃核糖酸衍生物. 在微波辐射下, 该Wittig-Michael串级反应的效率得到显著提高, 反应时间由12 h缩短为10 min, 收率达到91%. 反应具有非常好的β-立体选择性, 在碱性条件下处理后, α-异构体可转变成热力学稳定的β-异构体, 从而得到单一的β-异构体. 计算结果表明, β-异构体4b比α-异构体4a具有更高的热力学稳定性.     

A DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CHANNEL FLOW TRANSITION UNDER AN EXTERNAL BODY FORCE

This research seeks to increase our understanding on the laminar-turbulent transition under an external body force. Direct numerical simulation by the spectral method with a weak formulation is used to solve the transient 3-D Navier-Stokes equations. Initial disturbances consist of the finite-amplitude 2-D Tollmien-Schlichting wave and two 3-D oblique waves. Competitions among different modes were computed during transition for different Richardson numbers.

It is found that the body force can modify the transition mechanism of flows between two vertical plates. The body force was found to hasten the formation of three-dimensional flow. A non-laminar flow induced by the body force may present when the background flow is still laminar.     

Au-Ag复合纳米阵列的制备及其等离激元共振吸收特性

利用二次阳极氧化法在硫酸体系中制备了多孔氧化铝模板,用交流法在模板中沉积了Au-Ag复合纳米阵列,并研究了其表面等离激元共振吸收特性.和单独的Au、Ag纳米线阵列不同,Au-Ag复合纳米阵列的紫外可见吸收光谱中有两个横向吸收峰,一个纵向共振吸收峰.Au-Ag复合纳米阵列的纵向等离共振波长可以通过改变Ag的生长时间进行有效调节.实验结果发现,Au沉积对后续沉积Ag的最佳沉积电压有影响.     

超临界翼型跨音速特性实验研究

针对新设计的超临界翼型,采用风洞实验方法验证和评估了其气动特性。在增压连续式跨音速风洞(NF-6风洞)开展了超临界翼型跨音速特性的实验研究,验证了该翼型设计的压力分布曲线特点。激波位置和波后压力平台区长度表明设计结果和实验结果基本一致,揭示了超临界翼型跨音速的气动特性;阻力发散马赫数达到期望的设计指标,探讨了雷诺数对该翼型气动特性的影响。最后采用升华法实现了翼型表面流动特性的显示。结果表明转捩点约在16%弦长位置。     

层级褶皱结构夹层板的等效弹性常数

针对二级层级褶皱结构夹层板,通过变形协调研究了其等效弹性常数。首先对一级层级褶皱结构进行正交各向异性等效,得到一级等效弹性常数;将二级层级褶皱结构看成是由正交各向异性材料组成的三角形桁架夹心,将二级层级褶皱结构等效为均匀连续正交各向异性板,依据夹层板面板与夹心变形协调特点得到夹层板整体等效弹性常数。结合结构几何参数对等效公式的误差进行了讨论,并对等效公式做出修正。通过与数值分析结果对比,表明本文提出的等效公式具有较高精度。     

离子交换法制备介孔TiO2/CdS纳米复合光催化剂及性能研究

使用离子交换法制备了介孔TiO2/CdS纳米复合光催化材料.利用X射线衍射、高分辨率透射电镜、氮气吸附-脱附分析、红外光谱和紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对制备的介孔TiO2/CdS纳米复合光催化材料的微观结构和光吸收性质进行了研究,并选择染料罗丹明B和茜素红作为底物在可见光下考察了催化材料的光催化活性.结果表明:离子交换法制备介孔TiO2/CdS的光催化活性显著高于沉淀法制备的TiO2/CdS.     

合金钢的激光诱导击穿光谱实验条件优化

利用1 064 nm波长Nd∶YAG脉冲激光诱导击穿合金钢产生激光等离子体光谱,采用高分辨率及门宽控制的ICCD探测LIBS信号光谱。选用铁元素原子谱线404.581,414.387,427.176和438.355 nm进行分析,研究了不同实验参数对LIBS光谱信号强度的影响结果。实验结果表明,激光脉冲能量、激光聚焦位置以及ICCD探测器的延时等实验参数对合金钢LIBS信号有较大影响。通过优化这些实验参数,获得高光谱强度和信背比的LIBS信号,确定了LIBS技术用于合金钢微量元素成分分析的最佳实验条件,从而开展合金钢样品成分分析。     

Quantitative Proteomic Studies on TNBC in Premenopausal Patients

The molecular mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) remains unclear, and there has been no effective targeted therapy for it. A better understanding of the mechanisms of TNBC is urgently needed to identify new therapeutic targets. In this study, eight cases of premenopausal TNBC patients were collected, and a comparative proteomic analysis of their breast cancer tissues and matched paraneoplastic ones was performed via isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ) technology coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrumetry(2D LC-MS/MS). The researches result in the identification of 1254 nonredundant proteins, of which 1243 proteins reached the strict quantitative standard. The quantitative comparison reveal that among the 214 proteins, 81 proteins significantly increased and 133 proteins decreased in TNBC tissues compared to corresponding ones in control. The Gene Ontology(GO) annotations and pathway analysis show their distributions in GO and the marked functions, as well as the closely related signal transduction pathways involved in extra cellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, renin-angiotensin system, complement and coagulation cascades and focal adhesion. This pilot study will lay a foundation for further searching for therapeutic targets of TNBC and exploring the molecular mechanism, which can also be extended as a part of a large scale biomarker discovery plan.     

微纳结构超疏水表面的湍流减阻机理研究

超疏水表面的优异性质使其在现代生活和工业生产中具有十分广泛的潜在应用价值. 本文采用了碳纳米管缠绕技术和聚氟硅氧烷疏水化处理方法制备了具有二级微纳米结构的超疏水表面. 测量了由该超疏水表面构建的槽道中的流动压降,将其与普通表面构建的槽道内的流动压降进行比较,发现在层流情况下,流动阻力减小最多达到了22.8%. 在湍流的情况下,超疏水表面的减阻比例约为53.3%,减阻效果比层流更加明显.利用PIV (particle image velocimetry) 技术测量了具有超疏水表面的槽道内的速度场,通过超疏水表面速度滑移和湍动脉动场信息,分析了湍流减阻效果比层流更加明显的物理机制.